Ground Frosts in Poland in the Growing Season

The ongoing climate warming affects, among others, and the variability of thermal conditions in spring autumn are resulting earlier dates beginning end growing season. present paper provides detailed characteristics phenomenon ground frosts, addressing question whether risk frost-related damage extending season is still present. assessment temporal spatial distribution frosts (5 cm above level-AGL) Poland (AT > 5 °C) was conducted on basis results air temperature measurements at 200 a.g.l. obtained from 52 station Institute Meteorology Water Management—National Research for period 1971–2020. calculated using method by Gumiński. following were calculated: occurrence autumn, duration frost-free period, number days with various intensity, according to years, ten-day a year together trends change. analysis demonstrated that multiannual under (1971–2020) does not show any statistically significant changes. It found season, average amounts 28 ranges 15 22, 8 12. Most frequently, approx. 49%, slight recorded, followed moderate (29%), severe (15%) very (7%). A positive effect water reservoirs decreasing frequency intensity as well sporadic second half June demonstrated. Statistically disappearance spring, later lengthening approximately 2 north-east 8.0 over 10 years Pomerania region, create increasingly more favourable cultivation plants high requirements Poland.